Which of the following acts is considered physical abuse in older adults?

Physical abuse in older adults is classified as unwanted or forceful physical contact, which includes any act that intentionally causes physical harm or injury. This can manifest in various forms, such as hitting, slapping, pushing, or even restraining an individual against their will. The emphasis is on the lack of consent and the imposition of physical force, which can lead to both visible injuries and profound psychological trauma.

The other options, while they may constitute forms of neglect or emotional abuse, do not fit the definition of physical abuse. Ignoring requests for help pertains to neglect, as it fails to provide the necessary assistance to vulnerable individuals. Withholding communication and affection relates to emotional or psychological abuse, as it can harm a person's mental well-being without inflicting physical injury. Providing inadequate food or hydration also points to neglect, which can lead to severe health consequences but is not categorized as physical abuse itself. Thus, the correct identification of unwanted or forceful physical contact as physical abuse helps clarify the boundaries of different types of maltreatment in older adults.